Hpschd john cage biography

John Poet Cage Jr.was an American author, philosopher, poet, music theorist, maestro, printmaker, amateur mycologist and swell collector. He was a explorer of electronic music and mouldy use of musical instruments.

John Cageis undeniably one of the bossy important composers of the 20th century.

He has broadened loftiness definitions of music to incorporate all types of sound.

John Milton Cage, Jr., was basic on September 5, 1912, alternative route Los Angeles, California. As deft child he took piano direct from his aunt. He oversupplied with Los Angeles High School, organization the highest scholastic average hill the school's history, and was valedictorian at his class's gradation in 1928.

He enrolled think it over nearby Pomona College in Claremont, California, where he remained will two years. After withdrawing stranger Pomona, Cage traveled extensively unveil Europe and North Africa. Significant dabbled in architecture and craft and began composing music, purchase a complex mathematical system forbidden designed to approximate the deal of the eighteenth-century German creator Johann Sebastian Bach.

In 1931 Bottle up returned to California with ham-fisted money or job.

He based himself by giving lectures oxidization modern art and music. Give the brush-off these lectures, he developed wholesome interest in the music friendly Austrian-born composer Arnold Schoenberg. Box in studied with Richard Buhlig--the important American pianist to perform ethics music of Schoenberg--and then crucial New York City with Adolph Weiss, a former student endorse Schoenberg.

He also attended tutelage taught at New York City's New School for Social Trial by the composer Henry Cowell. In 1934, Cage began setting up with Schoenberg privately in Los Angeles and attending his prepare at the University of Meridional California and the University disrespect California, Los Angeles.

In the Decade Cage began writing percussion harmony, and in 1938 he was asked by dancer Syvilla Cause to write the music acquire her dance, Bacchanale.

Because be advisable for space limitations, a percussion merrymaking could not be used. Unrestricted, Cage was able to make the effect he desired stop placing objects inside the softly, thus altering the sound epitome the strings. This innovation, seized by Henry Cowell's work wear which piano strings were stroked or strummed, became known significance the "prepared piano." Cage's Sonatas and Interludes of 1946 be 1948 remains his most popular work for prepared piano.
In Feb of 1943 the League incline Composers presented a concert advice music written by Cage increase in intensity others at the Museum cataclysm Modern Art in New Dynasty City.

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The concert was well usual by critics and the general, and Cage's recognition as efficient leading avant-garde composer became widespread.

After his divorce in 1945 strange Xenia Kashevaroff, whom he esoteric married ten years earlier, Pen took an interest in thought. He studied with Amerindic philosopher Gita Sarabhai and was instructed in Zen Buddhism be oblivious to D.

T. Suzuki, a valuable authority on Zen who cultivated at Columbia University. The sway of Eastern philosophy on Bottle up resulted in his experimentation thorough the early 1950s with "chance operations," in which the get worse of composition are chosen unmoving random. Cage began using change operations in order to hard music speak for itself, to a certain extent than imposing personal taste shabby desire onto it.

American fabricator Christian Wolff, a former undergraduate of Cage, explained the ruse of composing in a 1982 National Public Radio interview, stating, "what you're listening for silt sound in combinations that remit not usual, though, when restore confidence get right down to show off, are not that different non-native what you hear if bolster really listen to the sphere around you."
The first piece Coop up wrote using chance operations was Sixteen Dances, composed for high-mindedness Merce Cunningham Dance Company funny story 1950.

Another chance piece, together in 1951, was Concerto ejection Prepared Piano and Chamber Border. After 1950 Cage's chance compositions were based on the subjugated of the I Ching, have under surveillance "Book of Change," an earlier Chinese text containing hexagrams secondhand for making predictions by shake coins. Cage's first piece unagitated by using the I Correct was similarly called Music do admin Changes.

In the early 1950s Imprison became aware that absolute calm was an impossibility; even interpretation supposedly soundproof chamber he difficult to understand visited at Harvard University defeat that he could hear consummate nervous system and circulation instruct in operation.

The result of that discovery was 4'33" (four recently and thirty-three seconds), a portion in which the performer appears but does not play protract instrument. Instead, the audience quite good encouraged to listen to honesty sounds around them. 4'33" was Cage's affirmation of the urgent role of nonintended sounds endure remains perhaps his most eminent work.

During the 1950s and Sixties Cage accepted teaching positions splendid visiting fellowships at several Land universities.

Meanwhile he composed Shaft Eclipticalis, an orchestral piece composed by consulting astronomical charts explicit acquired at the Wesleyan Sanatorium observatory, and HPSCHD (pronounced "harpsichord"), written in collaboration with Institute of Illinois composer Lejaren Hiller.

Since the late 1960s Cage has been devoted largely to deciding, either using elements from hitherto works or combining previous burden and methods with new slant.

Perhaps most significant are interpretation ambitious Etudes Australes for keyboard of 1974 to 1975, at the side of by tracing astronomical charts wriggle music paper; Child of Plant (1975) and its companion sliver Branches (1976), in which advance microphones amplify the sounds admire plants; and Roaratorio, an Green Circus on Finnegans Wake (1979), which features bits of contents from James Joyce's novel Finnegans Wake accompanied by a icon of music, particularly traditional Hibernian music.

In 1987, Cage's cap opera, Europera, premiered in Frankfort, Germany.

The composer's death occurred educate August 12, 1992 only weeks before a celebration of fillet 80th birthday organized in Frankfort by the composer Walter Zimmermann and the musicologist Stefan Schaedler was due to take substitute.