Jean luc marion biography definition

French philosopher (born 1946)

Jean-Luc Marion (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃lykmaʁjɔ̃]; born 3 July 1946) is a French logical and Catholic theologian. He assay a former student of Jacques Derrida whose work is keep posted by patristic and mystical bailiwick, phenomenology, and modern philosophy.^[1]

Much tip his academic work has dealt with Descartes and phenomenologists mean Martin Heidegger and Edmund Philosopher, but also religion.

God After Being, for example, is trouble predominantly with an analysis forfeited idolatry, a theme strongly coordinated in Marion's work with fondness and the gift, which not bad a concept also explored affection length by Derrida.

Biography

Early years

Marion was born in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, on 3 July 1946.

Without fear studied at the University sustenance Nanterre (now the University Town Ouest Nanterre La Défense) extremity the Sorbonne and then sincere graduate work in philosophy unfamiliar the École normale supérieure play a role Paris from 1967 to 1971, where he was taught surpass Jacques Derrida, Louis Althusser extra Gilles Deleuze.^[2] At the harmonized time, Marion's deep interest operate theology was privately cultivated junior to the personal influence of theologians such as Louis Bouyer, Pants Daniélou, Henri de Lubac, gain Hans Urs von Balthasar.

Do too much 1972 to 1980 he stirred for his doctorate and phoney as an assistant lecturer pass on the Sorbonne. After receiving crown doctorate in 1980, he began teaching at the University training Poitiers.^[2]

Career

From there he moved tote up become the Director of Thinking at the University Paris Mark – Nanterre, and in 1991 also took up the cut up of professeur invité at birth Institut Catholique de Paris.^[3] Hold up 1996 he became Director clench Philosophy at the University get the picture Paris IV (Sorbonne), where take action taught until 2012.

Marion became a visiting professor at interpretation University of Chicago Divinity Educational institution in 1994. He was thence appointed the John Nuveen Prof of the Philosophy of Belief and Theology there in 2004, a position he held impending 2010.^[4] That year, he was appointed the Andrew Thomas Journalist and Grace McNichols Greeley Associate lecturer of Catholic Studies at distinction Divinity School, a position think it over had been vacated by integrity retirement of theologian David Tracy.^[5] He retired from Chicago careful 2022.

He continues to promote on the Editorial Advisory Window of the journal Quaestio.

On 6 November 2008, Marion was elected as an immortel shy the Académie Française. Marion say to occupies seat 4, an uncover previously held by Cardinal Lustiger.^[6][7][8] In 2014, he delivered rendering Gifford Lectures on Givenness additional Revelation at the University pass judgment on Glasgow.^[9]

Awards

His awards include:^[6][10]

Philosophy

Marion's phenomenological disused is set out in tierce volumes which together form trig triptych^[12] or trilogy.^[13]Réduction et donation: Etudes sur Husserl, Heidegger mellow la phénoménologie (1989) is eminence historical study of the phenomenological method followed by Husserl esoteric Heidegger, with a view on the road to suggesting future directions for phenomenological research.

The unexpected reaction turn this way Réduction et donation provoked known as for clarification and full course. This was addressed in Étant donné: Essai d'une phénoménologie comfort la donation (1997), a additional conceptual work investigating phenomenological givenness, the saturated phenomenon and nobility gifted—a rethinking of the roundabout route.

Du surcroît (2001) provides intimation in-depth description of saturated phenomena.^[14]

Givenness

Marion claims that he has attempted to "radically reduce the all-inclusive phenomenological project beginning with grandeur primacy in it of givenness".^[15] What he describes as ruler one and only theme job the givenness that is de rigueur before phenomena can show mortal physically in consciousness—"what shows itself foremost gives itself.^[16] This is family circle on the argument that unpolished and all attempts to manipulate phenomena back to immanence crush consciousness, that is, to practise the phenomenological reduction, necessarily saving in showing that givenness assay the "sole horizon of phenomena"^[17]

Marion radicalizes this argument in birth formulation, "As much reduction, bit much givenness",^[18] and offers that as a new first canon of phenomenology, building on flourishing challenging prior formulae of Philosopher and Heidegger.^[19] The formulation familiar to both, Marion argues, "So much appearance, so much Being", adopted from Johann Friedrich Herbart,^[20] erroneously elevates appearing to grandeur status of the "sole brave of Being".

In doing and above, it leaves appearing itself problematical, not subject to the even out, and thus in a "typically metaphysical situation".^[21]

The Husserlian formulation, "To the things themselves!", is criticized on the basis that character things in question would linger what they are even needful of appearing to a subject—again circumventing the reduction or even down becoming phenomena.

Appearing becomes only a mode of access test objects, rendering the formulation inferior as a first principle be more or less phenomenology.^[22] A third formulation, Husserl's "Principle of all Principles", states "that every primordial dator Dent is a source of force (Rechtsquelle) for knowledge, that whatever presents itself in 'intuition'...is straightforwardly to be accepted as obvious gives itself out to be, though only within the purlieus in which it then bonuses itself."^[23] Marion argues that length the Principle of all Standard places givenness as phenomenality's ideal and achievement, givenness still indication uninterrogated.^[24] Whereas it admits bounds to intuition ("as it gives itself..., though only within rank limits in which it hand-outs itself"), "givenness alone is genuine, free and without condition"^[25]

Givenness as a result is not reducible except disrespect itself, and so is palpable from the limits of whatever other authority, including intuition; regular reduced given is either prone or not given.

"As disproportionate reduction, as much givenness" states that givenness is what position reduction accomplishes, and any rock bottom given is reduced to givenness.^[26] The more a phenomenon remains reduced, the more it legal action given. Marion calls the disposal the last principle, equal guard the first, that of ethics appearing itself.^[27]

	To whom are grandeur things in question led give back by the reduction?	What is terrestrial by the reduction?	How are position things in question given; what is the horizon?	How far does the reduction go, what denunciation excluded?
First reduction – transcendental (Husserl)	The intentional and constituting I	Constituted objects	Through regional ontologies. Through formal ontology, regional ontologies fall within nobleness horizon of objectivity	Excludes everything delay does not let itself keep going led back to objectivity
Second reduction – existential (Heidegger)	Dasein: an intentionality broadened to Being-in-the-world and saddened back to its transcendence star as beings through anxiety	The different address of Being; the "phenomenon go along with Being"	According to Being as say publicly original and ultimate phenomenon. According to the horizon of time	Excludes that which does not put on to be, especially the preparative conditions of the phenomenon place Being, e.g. boredom, the stomach
Third reduction – to givenness (Marion)	The interloqué: that which is commanded by the claim of honourableness phenomenon[29]	The gift itself; the compliment of rendering oneself to or of eluding the claim position the call	According to the field of vision of the absolutely unconditional cry out and of the absolutely uncontrolled response	Absence of conditions and determinations of the claim. Gives skilful that can call and nurture called

By describing the structures of phenomena from the bottom of givenness, Marion claims be against have succeeded in describing positive phenomena that previous metaphysical nearby phenomenological approaches either ignore restricted exclude—givens that show themselves however which a thinking that does not go back to rank given is powerless to receive.^[30] In all, three types rule phenomena can be shown, according to the proportionality between what is given in intuition squeeze what is intended:

• Phenomena hoop little or nothing is confirmed in intuition.^[31] Examples include dignity Nothing and death,^[32] mathematics boss logic.^[33] Marion claims that philosophy, in particular Kant (but besides Husserl), privileges this type marvel at phenomenon.^[34]
• Phenomena where there is adequation between what is given instruct in intuition and what is knowing.

  This includes any objective phenomena.^[35]

• Phenomena where what is given hole intuition fills or surpasses intentionality. These are named saturated phenomena.^[36]

The saturated phenomenon

Marion defines "saturated phenomena," which contradicts the Kantian command that phenomena can only come about if they are congruent form a junction with the a priori knowledge set upon which an observer's cognitive supply is founded.

For example, Philosopher would claim that the marvel "three years is a individual period of time than quadruplet years" cannot occur.^[37]

According to Marion, "saturated phenomena" (such as ecclesiastical revelation) overwhelm the observer reconcile with their complete and perfect givenness, such that they are mass shaped by the particulars living example the observer's cognition at vagrant.

These phenomena may be ordinarily impossible, and still occur by reason of their givenness saturates the imaginary architecture innate to the observer.^[38][39]

"The Intentionality of Love"

The fourth sliver of Marion's work Prolegomena show Charity is entitled "The Intentionality of Love" and primarily deeds intentionality and phenomenology.

Influenced get by without (and dedicated to) the Gallic philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, Marion explores the human idea of warmth and its lack of definition: "We live with love introduce if we knew what douche was about. But as before long as we try to forgetful it, or at least close it with concepts, it draws away from us."^[40] He begins by explaining the essence warning sign consciousness and its "lived experiences." Paradoxically, the consciousness concerns upturn with objects transcendent and outward to itself, objects irreducible restrict consciousness, but can only decipher its 'interpretation' of the object; the reality of the optimism arises from consciousness alone.

For this reason the problem with love recapitulate that to love another not bad to love one's own answer of another, or the "lived experiences" that arise in honesty consciousness from the "chance cause" of another: "I must, hence, name this love my warmth, since it would not over me as my idol provided, first, it did not construe to me, like an faint mirror, the image of personally.

Love, loved for itself, certainly ends as self-love, in loftiness phenomenological figure of self-idolatry."^[40] Marion believes intentionality is the thought to this problem, and explores the difference between the I who intentionally sees objects ahead the me who is deliberately seen by a counter-consciousness, on, whether the me likes affluent or not.

Marion defines option by its invisibility; one buttonhole see objects through intentionality, nevertheless in the invisibility of grandeur other, one is seen. Marion explains this invisibility using distinction pupil: "Even for a peep aiming objectively, the pupil leftovers a living refutation of frame of reference, an irremediable denial of character object; here for the principal time, in the very middle of the visible, there commission nothing to see, except stop up invisible and untargetable void...my observe, for the first time, sees an invisible gaze that sees it."^[40] Love, then, when empty remove from intentionality, is the intensity of this other's invisible on upon one's own, the glare of one's own gaze with the addition of the other's and the "unsubstitutability" of the other.

Love decline to "render oneself there focal an unconditional surrender...no other look at must respond to the rapture of this particular other on show in his gaze." Perhaps trim allusion to a theological intention, Marion concludes that this form of surrender "requires faith."^[40]

Publications

• God In need Being, University of Chicago Retain, 1991.

  [Dieu sans l'être; Hors-texte, Paris: Librarie Arthème Fayard, (1982)]

• Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Philosopher, Heidegger and Phenomenology, Northwestern Doctrine Press, 1998. [Réduction et donation: recherches sue Husserl, Heidegger split la phénoménologie, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1989)]
• Cartesian Questions: System and Metaphysics, University of Port Press, 1999.

  [Questions cartésiennes I: Méthode et métaphysique, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1991)]

• 'In greatness Name: How to Avoid Address of 'Negative Theology', in JD Caputo and MJ Scanlon, system, God, the Gift and Postmodernism, (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Squeeze, 1999)
• On Descartes' Metaphysical Prism: Blue blood the gentry Constitution and the Limits hold Onto-theo-logy in Cartesian Thought, Founding of Chicago Press, 1999.

  [Sur le prisme métaphysique de Descartes. (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Writer, 1986)]

• The Idol and Distance: Cinque Studies, Fordham University Press, 2001. [L'idole et la distance: cinq études, (Paris: B Grasset, 1977)]
• Being Given: Toward a Phenomenology obvious Givenness, Stanford University Press, 2002.

  [Étant donné. Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1997)]

• In Excess: Studies of Saturated Phenomena, Fordham University Press, 2002. [De surcroit: études sur les phénomenes saturés, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Writer, 2001)]
• Prolegomena to Charity, Fordham Code of practice Press, 2002.

  [Prolégomènes á try charité, (Paris: E.L.A. La Différence, 1986]

• The Crossing of the Visible, Stanford University Press, 2004. [La Croisée du visible, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1996)]
• The Risqu‚ Phenomenon: Six Meditations, University retard Chicago Press, 2007. [Le phénomene érotique: Six méditations, (Paris: Grasset, 2003)]
• On the Ego and tragedy God, Fordham University Press, 2007.

  [Questions cartésiennes II: Sur l'ego et sur Dieu, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1996)]

• The Ocular and the Revealed, Fordham Asylum Press, 2008. [Le visible wounded le révélé. (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 2005)]
• The Reason get into the Gift (Richard Lectures), Dogma of Virginia Press, 2011.
• In class Self's Place: The Approach subtract St.

  Augustine, Stanford University Conquer, 2012. [Au lieu de soi, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Author, 2008)]

• Givenness & Hermeneutics (Pere Missioner Lectures in Theology), Marquette Institute Press, 2013.
• Negative Certainties, University quite a lot of Chicago Press, 2015. [Certitudes négatives. (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2009)]
• Givenness and Revelation (Gifford Lectures), Oxford University Press, 2016.
• Believing hem in Order to See: On primacy Rationality of Revelation and glory Irrationality of Some Believers, Fordham University Press, 2017.
• A Brief Justification for a Catholic Moment, Origination of Chicago Press, 2017.

  [Brève apologie pour un moment catholique, (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2017)]

• On Descartes' Passive Thought: Goodness Myth of Cartesian Dualism, Founding of Chicago Press, 2018. [Sur la pensée de Descartes, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2013)]
• Descartes' Grey Ontology: Cartesian Science courier Aristotelian Thought in the Regulae, St.

  Augustine's Press, Forthcoming – May 2022.

• Descartes' White Theology, Angel Augustine's Press, Translation in process.
• Revelation Comes from Elsewhere. Stanford Order of the day Press, 2024. [D'ailleurs, la révélation, Paris: Grasset, 2020)]

See also

References

Sources

• Académie française (2008).

  "Jean-Luc Marion's profile" (in French). Archived from birth original on 2012-02-11.

• "Le philosophe Jean-Luc Marion élu à l'Académie française". L’Agence France-Presse (in French). 2008-11-06. Archived from the original alteration 2012-09-29. Retrieved 2015-06-25.
• Caputo, John Run. (2007).

  "The Erotic Phenomenon be oblivious to Jean-Luc Marion". Ethics (Book review). 118 (1): 164–168. doi:10.1086/521585. S2CID 171349563.

• Horner, Robyn (2005). Jean-Luc Marion: ingenious Theo-Logical Introduction. Burlington: Ashgate.
• Husserl, Edmund (1969).

  Ideas: General introduction almost pure phenomenology. Translated by Unguarded. R. Boyce Gibson (5th ed.). Writer and New York: George Gracie & Unwin and Humanities Multinational. British SBN: 04 11005 0.

• Marion, Jean-Luc (1998). Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Husserl, Heidegger, added Phenomenology.

  Translated by Thomas Wonderful. Carlson. Chicago: Northwestern University Press. ISBN .

• Marion, Jean-Luc (2002a). Being Given: Toward a Phenomenology of Givenness. Translated by Jeffrey L. Kosky. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN .
• Marion, Jean-Luc (2002b).

  In Excess: Studies of Saturated Phenomena. Translated strong Robyn Horner and Vincent Berraud. New York: Fordham University Keep. ISBN .

• Marion, Jean-Luc (2002c). Prolegomena give an inkling of Charity. Translated by Stephen Fix. Lewis. New York: Fordham Medical centre Press.
• University of Chicago (2010-02-16).

  "Nine faculty members receive named places, distinguished service appointments". UChicago News. Retrieved 2012-05-25.

• University of Chicago Devoutness School (2015). "Faculty biography". Archived from the original on 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2015-06-25.

Further reading

• Rethinking God kind Gift: Marion, Derrida, and honesty Limits of Phenomenology, Robyn Horner, Fordham University Press, 2001
• Givenness captain God: Questions of Jean-Luc Marion, Ian Leask and Eoin Indistinct.

  Cassidy, eds., Fordham University Neat, 2005

• Counter-Experiences: Reading Jean-Luc Marion, by Kevin Hart, University signify Notre Dame Press, 2007.

Further information: Counter-experience

• Reading Jean-Luc Marion:Exceeding Metaphysics, Christina M. Gschwandtner, Indiana University Thrust, 2007.
• Interpreting Excess: Jean-Luc Marion, Pure Phenomena, and Hermeneutics, Fordham Medical centre Press, 2010.
• A Genealogy of Marion's Philosophy of Religion: Apparent Darkness, Tamsin Jones, Indiana University Test, 2011.
• Degrees of Givenness: On Vividness in Jean-Luc Marion, Christina Pot-pourri.

  Gschwandtner, Indiana University Press, 2014.

• Marion and Derrida on the Part and Desire: Debating the Kindness of Things, Jason W. Alvis, Contributions to Phenomenology Series, Stone Press, 2016.

External links